{"id":355,"date":"2018-07-26T11:07:48","date_gmt":"2018-07-26T11:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/2018\/07\/26\/cholesterol-crystal-embolism-atheroembolism\/"},"modified":"2018-07-26T11:07:48","modified_gmt":"2018-07-26T11:07:48","slug":"cholesterol-crystal-embolism-atheroembolism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/atherosclerosis\/journal-articles\/cholesterol-crystal-embolism-atheroembolism\/","title":{"rendered":"Cholesterol crystal embolism (atheroembolism)"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":53489,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","vocabulary_1-atherosclerosis"],"acf":{"wpcf-article_introduction":"","wpcf-article_abstract":"Cholesterol crystal embolism, known as atheroembolic disease, is caused by showers\r\nof cholesterol crystals from an atherosclerotic plaque that occludes small arteries. Embolization\r\ncan occur spontaneously or as an iatrogenic complication from an invasive vascular\r\nprocedure (angiography or vascular surgery) and after anticoagulant therapy. The atheroembolism\r\ncan give rise to different degrees of renal impairment. Some patients show a moderate\r\nloss of renal function, others severe renal failure requiring dialysis. Renal outcome can be variable:\r\nsome patients deteriorate or remain on dialysis, some improve and some remain with\r\nchronic renal impairment. Clinically, three types of atheroembolic renal disease have been described:\r\nacute, subacute or chronic. More frequently a progressive loss of renal function occurs\r\nover weeks. Atheroembolization can involve the skin, gastrointestinal system and central nervous\r\nsystem. The diagnosis is difficult and controversial for the protean extrarenal manifestations.\r\nIn the past, the diagnosis was often made post-mortem. In the last 10 yrs, awareness of\r\natheroembolic renal disease has improved. The correct diagnosis requires the clinician to be\r\nalert. The typical patient is a white male aged >60 yrs with a history of hypertension, smoking and\r\narterial disease. The presence of a classic triad (precipitating event, renal failure and peripheral\r\ncholesterol crystal embolization) suggests the diagnosis. This can be confirmed by a biopsy of\r\nthe target organs. A specific treatment is lacking; however, it is an important diagnosis to make\r\nbecause an aggressive therapeutic approach can be associated with a more favorable clinical\r\noutcome. (Heart International 2006; 3-4: 155-60)","wpcf-article_keywords":"Cholesterol crystals, Renal atheroembolic disease, Atherosclerosis","wpcf-article_citation_override":"Heart International<\/i> 2006;2(3-4):155-60","wpcf-compliance-with-ethics":"","wpcf-article_disclosure":"","wpcf-review_process":"","wpcf-authorship":"","wpcf-article_correspondence":"Francesco Scolari, MD, Scuola di Specializzazione in Nefrologia Clinica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Brescia, UO Nefrologia, Spedali Civili, Pzle Spedali Civili 1, 25100 Brescia - Italy, fscolar@tin.it","wpcf-article_support":"","wpcf-open_access":"","wpcf-article_pdf":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/07\/private_articles_22389_pdf_HEI_2006_2_3-4-10-1177_1826186806002003-404.pdf","wpcf-article_pdf-gated":true,"wpcf-article_doi":"","wpcf-old_nid":"","wpcf-article_image":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/generic_9_3.png","wpcf-editor_choice":false,"wpcf-old_author_ids":"","wpcf-article_references":"","wpcf-article_received_date":null,"wpcf-article_accepted_date":null,"wpcf-article_published_online":"2006-12-01T00:00:00","wpcf-podcast":"","wpcf-ogg":"","wpcf-article_end_page":"","wpcf-article_start_page":"","wpcf-acknowledgements":"","wpcf-errata_pdf":"","wpcf-article_flipper_image":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Cardio-3_5.jpg","wpcf-corrected_online":null,"wpcf-supplementary_information":"","wpcf-article_highlight_pdf":"","data_availability":"","digital_features":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53489"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=355"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchcardio.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}