The foramen ovale, an obligatory channel, allows placental oxygenated blood to directly reach the fetal arterial circulation and remains patent in 25% of the adult population.1 Patency provides a potential gateway for venous emboli to reach the arterial circulation, potentially resulting in systemic embolus or stroke (now termed ‘patent foramen ovale [PFO]-associated stroke’).2 Preventive strategies for recurrent […]
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