Anemia and heart failure: a cause of progression or only a consequence?

Cardiovascular medicine continues to advance at a remarkable pace, driven by innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration and an ever-deepening understanding of disease mechanisms. As patient populations age and chronic conditions become increasingly complex, the field stands at the intersection of precision therapy, ...

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and progressive clinical syndrome that significantly impacts morbidity, mortality and quality of life (QoL).1 On a global scale, HF has become an escalating public health concern, affecting more than 64 million individuals in 2017, and this ...

Heart failure (HF) is a global health burden, with a 2019 prevalence of 711.90 per 100,000 population, totalling 56.19 million cases and 5.05 million years lived with disability, despite only modest declines since 1990.1 Recent years have shown an uptick in prevalence, driven by ageing populations ...

Functional status refers to an individual’s ability to carry out different levels of activities to meet the needs of daily living.1 Patients with heart failure (HF) commonly have poor functional status that is affected by a number of physical, ...

Heart failure (HF), a prevalent disease, is the common final pathway of several conditions, which result in the activation of numerous neurohumoral pathways. Cardiorenal interaction plays an essential role in the progression of the disease, and the use of diuretics ...

Palliative care (PC) is recommended as a standard of practice for all patients with heart failure (HF) and is supported by evidence of improved patient outcomes (e.g. reduction in symptoms refractory to cardiovascular therapies and improved shared decision-making).1 PC ...

Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical diagnosis often requiring hospitalization secondary to patient decompensation associated with clinically determined 'dry' or 'wet' volume states. However, fluid overload is the more common basis for clinical deterioration accounting for the majority of ...

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome caused by a variety of cardiac and non-cardiac diseases, and is associated with high mortality and hospitalization rates.1 Treatment has been traditionally based on a detailed history and physical examination. However, since cardiac ...

Conventionally, according to the European Society of Cardiology pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) guidelines, patients with clinical heart failure and an echocardiographically measured left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction of <35% are considered for CRT implantation or standard right ventricular (...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often co-exist. The incidence of AF is estimated to reach 45% of patients with HF and rises with the severity of HF symptoms, from about 5% of patients in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) ...

Heart failure (HF) is an increasingly prevalent clinical syndrome resulting from a variety of disease processes impeding the heart’s ability to effectively circulate blood. With advances in care and a steadily growing and aging population, HF management is becoming ...

Heart failure (HF) is a highly prevalent and morbid disease in the USA, imposing a significant burden on patients, hospitals and the health system. The prevalence of HF continues to increase, with over 650,000 new HF cases diagnosed annually.1 There are ...